Polonium (Po, Z = 84)
Métal pauvre Bloc p Groupe 16 Période 6 Solide (CNTP)
Polonium is a chemical element with symbol Po and atomic number 84, discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie and Pierre Curie. A rare and highly radioactive element with no stable isotopes, polonium is chemically similar to bismuth and tellurium, and it occurs in uranium ores. Applications of polonium are few.
Découvreur : Pierre Curie
Propriétés physiques
- Masse atomique standard
- 209,0 u
- Densité
- 9,196 g/cm³
- Point de fusion
- 527,0 K
- Point d'ébullition
- 1 235,0 K
- Chaleur molaire
- 26,40 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
- Électronégativité (Pauling)
- 2,000
- Affinité électronique
- 136,0 kJ/mol
- Énergies d'ionisation
- 812 kJ/mol
- Configuration électronique
- [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
- Électrons par couche
- K : 2 · L : 8 · M : 18 · N : 32 · O : 18 · P : 6
- Aspect
- silvery
Correspondance ANU historique / conjectural
Comptage de la Chimie Occulte (1908) : 3 789 ANU (atomes ultimes), soit N/18 = 210,50 — masse « noologique » à comparer à la masse standard 209,000 u et à l'isotope dominant 209Po. Coefficient k(Z) = 0,893
Matériel historique et conjectural — voir la page Pont ANU ↔ Nucléides.
Isotopes (42)
| Nucléide | A | N | Masse (u) | Abondance (%) | Demi-vie | Spin | Parité | Magique |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 186Po | 186 | 102 | 186,004403 | — | 34 µs | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 187Po | 187 | 103 | 187,003031 | — | 1.4 ms | 1/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 188Po | 188 | 104 | 187,999416 | — | 270 µs | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 189Po | 189 | 105 | 188,998473 | — | 3.5 ms | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 190Po | 190 | 106 | 189,995102 | — | 2.45 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 191Po | 191 | 107 | 190,994558 | — | 22 ms | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 192Po | 192 | 108 | 191,991340 | — | 32.2 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 193Po | 193 | 109 | 192,991062 | — | 399 ms | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 194Po | 194 | 110 | 193,988186 | — | 392 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 195Po | 195 | 111 | 194,988066 | — | 4.64 s | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 196Po | 196 | 112 | 195,985541 | — | 5.63 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 197Po | 197 | 113 | 196,985622 | — | 53.6 s | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 198Po | 198 | 114 | 197,983389 | — | 1.76 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 199Po | 199 | 115 | 198,983640 | — | 5.47 min | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 200Po | 200 | 116 | 199,981812 | — | 11.51 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 201Po | 201 | 117 | 200,982264 | — | 15.6 min | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 202Po | 202 | 118 | 201,980739 | — | 44.6 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 203Po | 203 | 119 | 202,981416 | — | 36.7 min | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 204Po | 204 | 120 | 203,980310 | — | 3.519 h | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 205Po | 205 | 121 | 204,981190 | — | 1.74 h | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 206Po | 206 | 122 | 205,980474 | — | 8.8 j | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 207Po | 207 | 123 | 206,981593 | — | 5.8 h | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 208Po | 208 | 124 | 207,981246 | — | 2.898 an | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 209Po | 209 | 125 | 208,982430 | — | 124 an | 1/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 210Po | 210 | 126 | 209,982874 | — | 138.376 j | 0 | ⁺ | N magique |
| 211Po | 211 | 127 | 210,986653 | — | 516 ms | 9/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 212Po | 212 | 128 | 211,988868 | — | 294.4 ns | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 213Po | 213 | 129 | 212,992857 | — | 3.705 µs | 9/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 214Po | 214 | 130 | 213,995201 | — | 163.47 µs | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 215Po | 215 | 131 | 214,999418 | — | 1.781 ms | 9/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 216Po | 216 | 132 | 216,001913 | — | 144 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 217Po | 217 | 133 | 217,006316 | — | 1.53 s | 9/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 218Po | 218 | 134 | 218,008971 | — | 3.097 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 219Po | 219 | 135 | 219,013614 | — | 10.3 min | 9/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 220Po | 220 | 136 | 220,016386 | — | — | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 221Po | 221 | 137 | 221,021228 | — | 2.2 min | 9/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 222Po | 222 | 138 | 222,024140 | — | 9.1 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 223Po | 223 | 139 | 223,029070 | — | — | 11/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 224Po | 224 | 140 | 224,032110 | — | — | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 225Po | 225 | 141 | 225,037123 | — | — | 3/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 226Po | 226 | 142 | 226,040310 | — | — | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 227Po | 227 | 143 | 227,045390 | — | — | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
Liseré coloré en première colonne : vert = stable, jaune = demi-vie > 1 an, orange > 1 jour, rouge < 1 jour.