Plomb (Pb, Z = 82)
Métal pauvre Bloc p Groupe 14 Période 6 Solide (CNTP)
Lead (/lɛd/) is a chemical element in the carbon group with symbol Pb (from Latin:plumbum) and atomic number 82. Lead is a soft, malleable and heavy post-transition metal. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly cut, but it soon tarnishes to a dull grayish color when exposed to air.
Découvreur : Middle East
Propriétés physiques
- Masse atomique standard
- 207,2 u
- Densité
- 11,34 g/cm³
- Point de fusion
- 600,6 K
- Point d'ébullition
- 2 022,0 K
- Chaleur molaire
- 26,65 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
- Électronégativité (Pauling)
- 1,870
- Affinité électronique
- 34,42 kJ/mol
- Énergies d'ionisation
- 716 ; 1 451 ; 3 082 ; 4 083 kJ/mol
- Configuration électronique
- [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
- Électrons par couche
- K : 2 · L : 8 · M : 18 · N : 32 · O : 18 · P : 4
- Aspect
- metallic gray
Correspondance ANU historique / conjectural
Comptage de la Chimie Occulte (1908) : 3 727 ANU (atomes ultimes), soit N/18 = 207,06 — masse « noologique » à comparer à la masse standard 207,210 u et à l'isotope dominant 208Pb. Coefficient k(Z) = 0,896
Matériel historique et conjectural — voir la page Pont ANU ↔ Nucléides.
Isotopes (43)
| Nucléide | A | N | Masse (u) | Abondance (%) | Demi-vie | Spin | Parité | Magique |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 178Pb | 178 | 96 | 178,003836 | — | 250 µs | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 179Pb | 179 | 97 | 179,002202 | — | 2.7 ms | 9/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 180Pb | 180 | 98 | 179,997916 | — | 4.1 ms | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 181Pb | 181 | 99 | 180,996661 | — | 39 ms | 9/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 182Pb | 182 | 100 | 181,992674 | — | 55 ms | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 183Pb | 183 | 101 | 182,991863 | — | 535 ms | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 184Pb | 184 | 102 | 183,988136 | — | 490 ms | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 185Pb | 185 | 103 | 184,987610 | — | 6.3 s | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 186Pb | 186 | 104 | 185,984239 | — | 4.82 s | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 187Pb | 187 | 105 | 186,983911 | — | 15.2 s | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 188Pb | 188 | 106 | 187,980879 | — | 25.1 s | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 189Pb | 189 | 107 | 188,980844 | — | 39 s | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 190Pb | 190 | 108 | 189,978082 | — | 71 s | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 191Pb | 191 | 109 | 190,978216 | — | 1.33 min | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 192Pb | 192 | 110 | 191,975790 | — | 3.5 min | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 193Pb | 193 | 111 | 192,976136 | — | — | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 194Pb | 194 | 112 | 193,974012 | — | 10.7 min | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 195Pb | 195 | 113 | 194,974516 | — | 15 min | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 196Pb | 196 | 114 | 195,972788 | — | 37 min | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 197Pb | 197 | 115 | 196,973435 | — | 8.1 min | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 198Pb | 198 | 116 | 197,972015 | — | 2.4 h | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 199Pb | 199 | 117 | 198,972913 | — | 90 min | 3/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 200Pb | 200 | 118 | 199,971819 | — | 21.5 h | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 201Pb | 201 | 119 | 200,972870 | — | 9.33 h | 5/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 202Pb | 202 | 120 | 201,972152 | — | 52.5 ka | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 203Pb | 203 | 121 | 202,973391 | — | 51.924 h | 5/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 204Pb | 204 | 122 | 203,973044 | 1,4000 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 205Pb | 205 | 123 | 204,974482 | — | 17 Ma | 5/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 206Pb | 206 | 124 | 205,974465 | 24,1000 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 207Pb | 207 | 125 | 206,975897 | 22,1000 | stable | 1/2 | ⁻ | Z magique |
| 208Pb | 208 | 126 | 207,976652 | 52,4000 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | doublement magique |
| 209Pb | 209 | 127 | 208,981090 | — | 3.235 h | 9/2 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 210Pb | 210 | 128 | 209,984188 | — | 22.2 an | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 211Pb | 211 | 129 | 210,988735 | — | 36.1628 min | 9/2 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 212Pb | 212 | 130 | 211,991896 | — | 10.627 h | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 213Pb | 213 | 131 | 212,996561 | — | 10.2 min | 9/2 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 214Pb | 214 | 132 | 213,999804 | — | 27.06 min | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 215Pb | 215 | 133 | 215,004662 | — | 142 s | 9/2 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 216Pb | 216 | 134 | 216,008062 | — | 1.66 min | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 217Pb | 217 | 135 | 217,013162 | — | 19.9 s | 9/2 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 218Pb | 218 | 136 | 218,016779 | — | 14.8 s | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 219Pb | 219 | 137 | 219,022136 | — | — | 11/2 | ⁺ | Z magique |
| 220Pb | 220 | 138 | 220,025905 | — | — | 0 | ⁺ | Z magique |
Liseré coloré en première colonne : vert = stable, jaune = demi-vie > 1 an, orange > 1 jour, rouge < 1 jour.