Gadolinium (Gd, Z = 64)
64
Gd
157,253 u
Lanthanide Bloc f Groupe 3 Période 6 Solide (CNTP)
Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64. It is a silvery-white, malleable and ductile rare-earth metal. It is found in nature only in combined (salt) form.
Découvreur : Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Propriétés physiques
- Masse atomique standard
- 157,3 u
- Densité
- 7,900 g/cm³
- Point de fusion
- 1 585,0 K
- Point d'ébullition
- 3 273,0 K
- Chaleur molaire
- 37,03 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
- Électronégativité (Pauling)
- 1,200
- Affinité électronique
- 13,22 kJ/mol
- Énergies d'ionisation
- 593 ; 1 170 ; 1 990 ; 4 250 kJ/mol
- Configuration électronique
- [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
- Électrons par couche
- K : 2 · L : 8 · M : 18 · N : 25 · O : 9 · P : 2
- Aspect
- silvery white
Correspondance ANU historique / conjectural
Comptage de la Chimie Occulte (1908) : 2 880 ANU (atomes ultimes), soit N/18 = 160,00 — masse « noologique » à comparer à la masse standard 157,253 u et à l'isotope dominant 158Gd. Coefficient k(Z) = 0,930 · multiple de 18
Matériel historique et conjectural — voir la page Pont ANU ↔ Nucléides.
Isotopes (40)
| Nucléide | A | N | Masse (u) | Abondance (%) | Demi-vie | Spin | Parité | Magique |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 133Gd | 133 | 69 | 132,961288 | — | — | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 134Gd | 134 | 70 | 133,955416 | — | — | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 135Gd | 135 | 71 | 134,952496 | — | 1.1 s | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 136Gd | 136 | 72 | 135,947300 | — | — | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 137Gd | 137 | 73 | 136,945020 | — | 2.2 s | 7/2 | — | |
| 138Gd | 138 | 74 | 137,940247 | — | 4.7 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 139Gd | 139 | 75 | 138,938130 | — | 5.7 s | 9/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 140Gd | 140 | 76 | 139,933674 | — | 15.8 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 141Gd | 141 | 77 | 140,932126 | — | 14 s | 1/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 142Gd | 142 | 78 | 141,928116 | — | 70.2 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 143Gd | 143 | 79 | 142,926751 | — | 39 s | 1/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 144Gd | 144 | 80 | 143,922963 | — | 4.47 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 145Gd | 145 | 81 | 144,921710 | — | 23 min | 1/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 146Gd | 146 | 82 | 145,918319 | — | 48.27 j | 0 | ⁺ | N magique |
| 147Gd | 147 | 83 | 146,919101 | — | 38.06 h | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 148Gd | 148 | 84 | 147,918121 | — | 71.3 an | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 149Gd | 149 | 85 | 148,919348 | — | 9.28 j | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 150Gd | 150 | 86 | 149,918664 | — | 1.79 Ma | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 151Gd | 151 | 87 | 150,920355 | — | 123.9 j | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 152Gd | 152 | 88 | 151,919798 | 0,2000 | 108 Tyear | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 153Gd | 153 | 89 | 152,921757 | — | 240.6 j | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 154Gd | 154 | 90 | 153,920873 | 2,1800 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 155Gd | 155 | 91 | 154,922629 | 14,8000 | stable | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 156Gd | 156 | 92 | 155,922130 | 20,4700 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 157Gd | 157 | 93 | 156,923967 | 15,6500 | stable | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 158Gd | 158 | 94 | 157,924111 | 24,8400 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 159Gd | 159 | 95 | 158,926396 | — | 18.479 h | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 160Gd | 160 | 96 | 159,927061 | 21,8600 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 161Gd | 161 | 97 | 160,929676 | — | 3.646 min | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 162Gd | 162 | 98 | 161,930992 | — | 8.4 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 163Gd | 163 | 99 | 162,934097 | — | 68 s | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 164Gd | 164 | 100 | 163,935916 | — | 45 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 165Gd | 165 | 101 | 164,939317 | — | 11.6 s | 1/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 166Gd | 166 | 102 | 165,941630 | — | 5.1 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 167Gd | 167 | 103 | 166,945490 | — | 4.2 s | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 168Gd | 168 | 104 | 167,948309 | — | 3.03 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 169Gd | 169 | 105 | 168,952882 | — | 750 ms | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 170Gd | 170 | 106 | 169,956146 | — | 420 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 171Gd | 171 | 107 | 170,961127 | — | — | 9/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 172Gd | 172 | 108 | 171,964605 | — | — | 0 | ⁺ | — |
Liseré coloré en première colonne : vert = stable, jaune = demi-vie > 1 an, orange > 1 jour, rouge < 1 jour.