Xénon (Xe, Z = 54)
Gaz noble Bloc p Groupe 18 Période 5 Gaz (CNTP)
Xenon is a chemical element with symbol Xe and atomic number 54. It is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas, that occurs in the Earth's atmosphere in trace amounts. Although generally unreactive, xenon can undergo a few chemical reactions such as the formation of xenon hexafluoroplatinate, the first noble gas compound to be synthesized.
Découvreur : William Ramsay
Propriétés physiques
- Masse atomique standard
- 131,3 u
- Densité
- 5,894 g/L
- Point de fusion
- 161,4 K
- Point d'ébullition
- 165,1 K
- Chaleur molaire
- —
- Électronégativité (Pauling)
- 2,600
- Affinité électronique
- -77,00 kJ/mol
- Énergies d'ionisation
- 1 170 ; 2 046 ; 3 099 kJ/mol
- Configuration électronique
- [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6
- Électrons par couche
- K : 2 · L : 8 · M : 18 · N : 18 · O : 8
- Aspect
- colorless gas, exhibiting a blue glow when placed in a high voltage electric field
Correspondance ANU historique / conjectural
Comptage de la Chimie Occulte (1908) : 2 298 ANU (atomes ultimes), soit N/18 = 127,67 — masse « noologique » à comparer à la masse standard 131,294 u et à l'isotope dominant 132Xe. Coefficient k(Z) = 0,954
Matériel historique et conjectural — voir la page Pont ANU ↔ Nucléides.
Isotopes (43)
| Nucléide | A | N | Masse (u) | Abondance (%) | Demi-vie | Spin | Parité | Magique |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 108Xe | 108 | 54 | 107,954232 | — | 72 µs | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 109Xe | 109 | 55 | 108,950435 | — | 13 ms | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 110Xe | 110 | 56 | 109,944259 | — | 93 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 111Xe | 111 | 57 | 110,941470 | — | 740 ms | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 112Xe | 112 | 58 | 111,935559 | — | 2.7 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 113Xe | 113 | 59 | 112,933222 | — | 2.74 s | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 114Xe | 114 | 60 | 113,927980 | — | 10 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 115Xe | 115 | 61 | 114,926294 | — | 18 s | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 116Xe | 116 | 62 | 115,921581 | — | 59 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 117Xe | 117 | 63 | 116,920359 | — | 61 s | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 118Xe | 118 | 64 | 117,916179 | — | 3.8 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 119Xe | 119 | 65 | 118,915411 | — | 5.8 min | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 120Xe | 120 | 66 | 119,911784 | — | 46 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 121Xe | 121 | 67 | 120,911453 | — | 40.1 min | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 122Xe | 122 | 68 | 121,908368 | — | 20.1 h | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 123Xe | 123 | 69 | 122,908482 | — | 2.08 h | 1/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 124Xe | 124 | 70 | 123,905885 | 0,0950 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 125Xe | 125 | 71 | 124,906388 | — | 16.87 h | 1/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 126Xe | 126 | 72 | 125,904297 | 0,0890 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 127Xe | 127 | 73 | 126,905184 | — | 36.342 j | 1/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 128Xe | 128 | 74 | 127,903531 | 1,9100 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 129Xe | 129 | 75 | 128,904781 | 26,4010 | stable | 1/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 130Xe | 130 | 76 | 129,903509 | 4,0710 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 131Xe | 131 | 77 | 130,905084 | 21,2320 | stable | 3/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 132Xe | 132 | 78 | 131,904155 | 26,9090 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 133Xe | 133 | 79 | 132,905911 | — | 5.2474 j | 3/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 134Xe | 134 | 80 | 133,905393 | 10,4360 | stable | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 135Xe | 135 | 81 | 134,907231 | — | 9.14 h | 3/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 136Xe | 136 | 82 | 135,907214 | 8,8570 | 2.18 Zyear | 0 | ⁺ | N magique |
| 137Xe | 137 | 83 | 136,911558 | — | 3.818 min | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 138Xe | 138 | 84 | 137,914146 | — | 14.14 min | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 139Xe | 139 | 85 | 138,918792 | — | 39.68 s | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 140Xe | 140 | 86 | 139,921646 | — | 13.6 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 141Xe | 141 | 87 | 140,926787 | — | 1.73 s | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 142Xe | 142 | 88 | 141,929973 | — | 1.23 s | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 143Xe | 143 | 89 | 142,935370 | — | 511 ms | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 144Xe | 144 | 90 | 143,938945 | — | 388 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 145Xe | 145 | 91 | 144,944720 | — | 188 ms | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 146Xe | 146 | 92 | 145,948518 | — | 146 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 147Xe | 147 | 93 | 146,954482 | — | 88 ms | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 148Xe | 148 | 94 | 147,958508 | — | 85 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 149Xe | 149 | 95 | 148,964573 | — | — | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 150Xe | 150 | 96 | 149,968878 | — | — | 0 | ⁺ | — |
Liseré coloré en première colonne : vert = stable, jaune = demi-vie > 1 an, orange > 1 jour, rouge < 1 jour.