Iode (I, Z = 53)
Non-métal diatomique Bloc p Groupe 17 Période 5 Solide (CNTP)
Iodine is a chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53. The name is from Greek ἰοειδής ioeidēs, meaning violet or purple, due to the color of iodine vapor. Iodine and its compounds are primarily used in nutrition, and industrially in the production of acetic acid and certain polymers.
Découvreur : Bernard Courtois
Propriétés physiques
- Masse atomique standard
- 126,9 u
- Densité
- 4,933 g/cm³
- Point de fusion
- 386,9 K
- Point d'ébullition
- 457,4 K
- Chaleur molaire
- —
- Électronégativité (Pauling)
- 2,660
- Affinité électronique
- 295,2 kJ/mol
- Énergies d'ionisation
- 1 008 ; 1 846 ; 3 180 kJ/mol
- Configuration électronique
- [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
- Électrons par couche
- K : 2 · L : 8 · M : 18 · N : 18 · O : 7
- Aspect
- lustrous metallic gray, violet as a gas
Correspondance ANU historique / conjectural
Comptage de la Chimie Occulte (1908) : 2 287 ANU (atomes ultimes), soit N/18 = 127,06 — masse « noologique » à comparer à la masse standard 126,904 u et à l'isotope dominant 127I. Coefficient k(Z) = 0,956
Matériel historique et conjectural — voir la page Pont ANU ↔ Nucléides.
Isotopes (42)
| Nucléide | A | N | Masse (u) | Abondance (%) | Demi-vie | Spin | Parité | Magique |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 106I | 106 | 53 | 105,953516 | — | stable | — | — | |
| 107I | 107 | 54 | 106,946935 | — | — | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 108I | 108 | 55 | 107,943348 | — | 26.4 ms | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 109I | 109 | 56 | 108,938086 | — | 92.8 µs | 1/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 110I | 110 | 57 | 109,935085 | — | 664 ms | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 111I | 111 | 58 | 110,930269 | — | 2.5 s | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 112I | 112 | 59 | 111,928005 | — | 3.34 s | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 113I | 113 | 60 | 112,923650 | — | 6.6 s | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 114I | 114 | 61 | 113,922019 | — | 2.01 s | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 115I | 115 | 62 | 114,918048 | — | 1.3 min | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 116I | 116 | 63 | 115,916886 | — | 2.91 s | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 117I | 117 | 64 | 116,913646 | — | 2.22 min | 5/2 | — | |
| 118I | 118 | 65 | 117,913074 | — | 13.7 min | 2 | ⁻ | — |
| 119I | 119 | 66 | 118,910061 | — | 19.1 min | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 120I | 120 | 67 | 119,910094 | — | 81.67 min | 2 | ⁻ | — |
| 121I | 121 | 68 | 120,907411 | — | 2.12 h | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 122I | 122 | 69 | 121,907590 | — | 3.63 min | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 123I | 123 | 70 | 122,905590 | — | 13.2232 h | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 124I | 124 | 71 | 123,906210 | — | 4.176 j | 2 | ⁻ | — |
| 125I | 125 | 72 | 124,904631 | — | 59.392 j | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 126I | 126 | 73 | 125,905624 | — | 12.93 j | 2 | ⁻ | — |
| 127I | 127 | 74 | 126,904473 | 100,0000 | stable | 5/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 128I | 128 | 75 | 127,905809 | — | 24.99 min | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 129I | 129 | 76 | 128,904984 | — | 16.14 Ma | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 130I | 130 | 77 | 129,906670 | — | 12.36 h | 5 | ⁺ | — |
| 131I | 131 | 78 | 130,906126 | — | 8.0249 j | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 132I | 132 | 79 | 131,907994 | — | 2.295 h | 4 | ⁺ | — |
| 133I | 133 | 80 | 132,907828 | — | 20.83 h | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 134I | 134 | 81 | 133,909776 | — | 52.5 min | 4 | — | |
| 135I | 135 | 82 | 134,910059 | — | 6.58 h | 7/2 | ⁺ | N magique |
| 136I | 136 | 83 | 135,914605 | — | 83.4 s | 1 | ⁻ | — |
| 137I | 137 | 84 | 136,918028 | — | 24.13 s | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 138I | 138 | 85 | 137,922726 | — | 6.26 s | 1 | ⁻ | — |
| 139I | 139 | 86 | 138,926493 | — | 2.28 s | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 140I | 140 | 87 | 139,931716 | — | 588 ms | 2 | ⁻ | — |
| 141I | 141 | 88 | 140,935666 | — | 420 ms | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 142I | 142 | 89 | 141,941167 | — | 235 ms | 2 | ⁻ | — |
| 143I | 143 | 90 | 142,945475 | — | 182 ms | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 144I | 144 | 91 | 143,951336 | — | 94 ms | 1 | ⁻ | — |
| 145I | 145 | 92 | 144,955845 | — | 89.7 ms | 7/2 | ⁺ | — |
| 146I | 146 | 93 | 145,961846 | — | 94 ms | — | — | |
| 147I | 147 | 94 | 146,966505 | — | — | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
Liseré coloré en première colonne : vert = stable, jaune = demi-vie > 1 an, orange > 1 jour, rouge < 1 jour.