Vanadium (V, Z = 23)
Métal de transition Bloc d Groupe 5 Période 4 Solide (CNTP)
Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery grey, ductile and malleable transition metal. The element is found only in chemically combined form in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation.
Découvreur : Andrés Manuel del Río
Propriétés physiques
- Masse atomique standard
- 50,94 u
- Densité
- 6,000 g/cm³
- Point de fusion
- 2 183,0 K
- Point d'ébullition
- 3 680,0 K
- Chaleur molaire
- 24,89 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
- Électronégativité (Pauling)
- 1,630
- Affinité électronique
- 50,91 kJ/mol
- Énergies d'ionisation
- 651 ; 1 414 ; 2 830 ; 4 507 kJ/mol
- Configuration électronique
- [Ar] 3d3 4s2
- Électrons par couche
- K : 2 · L : 8 · M : 11 · N : 2
- Aspect
- blue-silver-grey metal
Correspondance ANU historique / conjectural
Comptage de la Chimie Occulte (1908) : 918 ANU (atomes ultimes), soit N/18 = 51,00 — masse « noologique » à comparer à la masse standard 50,942 u et à l'isotope dominant 51V. Coefficient k(Z) = 1,070 · multiple de 18
Matériel historique et conjectural — voir la page Pont ANU ↔ Nucléides.
Isotopes (29)
| Nucléide | A | N | Masse (u) | Abondance (%) | Demi-vie | Spin | Parité | Magique |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 39V | 39 | 16 | 39,024230 | — | stable | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 40V | 40 | 17 | 40,013387 | — | stable | 2 | ⁻ | — |
| 41V | 41 | 18 | 41,000333 | — | stable | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 42V | 42 | 19 | 41,991820 | — | stable | 2 | ⁻ | — |
| 43V | 43 | 20 | 42,980766 | — | 79.3 ms | 7/2 | ⁻ | N magique |
| 44V | 44 | 21 | 43,974441 | — | 111 ms | 2 | — | |
| 45V | 45 | 22 | 44,965768 | — | 547 ms | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 46V | 46 | 23 | 45,960197 | — | 422.62 ms | 0 | ⁺ | — |
| 47V | 47 | 24 | 46,954904 | — | 32.6 min | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 48V | 48 | 25 | 47,952251 | — | 15.9735 j | 4 | ⁺ | — |
| 49V | 49 | 26 | 48,948511 | — | 330 j | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 50V | 50 | 27 | 49,947157 | 0,2500 | 271 Pa | 6 | ⁺ | — |
| 51V | 51 | 28 | 50,943958 | 99,7500 | stable | 7/2 | ⁻ | N magique |
| 52V | 52 | 29 | 51,944774 | — | 3.743 min | 3 | ⁺ | — |
| 53V | 53 | 30 | 52,944335 | — | 1.543 min | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 54V | 54 | 31 | 53,946432 | — | 49.8 s | 3 | ⁺ | — |
| 55V | 55 | 32 | 54,947262 | — | 6.54 s | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 56V | 56 | 33 | 55,950420 | — | 216 ms | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 57V | 57 | 34 | 56,952297 | — | 350 ms | 7/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 58V | 58 | 35 | 57,956596 | — | 191 ms | 1 | ⁺ | — |
| 59V | 59 | 36 | 58,959623 | — | 95 ms | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 60V | 60 | 37 | 59,964479 | — | 122 ms | 3 | ⁺ | — |
| 61V | 61 | 38 | 60,967604 | — | 48.2 ms | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 62V | 62 | 39 | 61,972933 | — | 33.6 ms | 3 | ⁺ | — |
| 63V | 63 | 40 | 62,976661 | — | 19.6 ms | 3/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 64V | 64 | 41 | 63,982480 | — | 15 ms | 1 | — | |
| 65V | 65 | 42 | 64,986999 | — | — | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
| 66V | 66 | 43 | 65,993237 | — | — | — | — | |
| 67V | 67 | 44 | 66,998128 | — | — | 5/2 | ⁻ | — |
Liseré coloré en première colonne : vert = stable, jaune = demi-vie > 1 an, orange > 1 jour, rouge < 1 jour.